371 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
371 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
# /etc/systemd/system/veeam-exporter.service
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[Unit]
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Description=Veeam Backup Prometheus Exporter
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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Type=simple
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /opt/veeam_exporter/veeam_exporter.py \
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--port 9199 \
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--vbr 10.115.13.219 \
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--user veeamuser01 \
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--password 'Qazx1234!@#$qwer2'
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Restart=always
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RestartSec=30
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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# 部署
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mkdir -p /opt/veeam_exporter
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cp veeam_exporter.py /opt/veeam_exporter/
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chmod +x /opt/veeam_exporter/veeam_exporter.py
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systemctl daemon-reload
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systemctl enable --now veeam-exporter
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# 验证
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curl http://localhost:9199/metrics
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# prometheus.yml
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scrape_configs:
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- job_name: 'veeam_backup'
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scrape_interval: 5m # 备份不需要太频繁
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scrape_timeout: 30s
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static_configs:
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- targets: ['10.150.117.190:9199'] # exporter 所在机器
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labels:
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vbr_server: 'ussjcvbr01'
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{
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"annotations": { "list": [] },
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"description": "Veeam Backup & Replication 监控面板",
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"editable": true,
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"fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
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"graphTooltip": 1,
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"id": null,
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"links": [],
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"panels": [
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{
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"title": "API 状态",
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"type": "stat",
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"gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 3, "x": 0, "y": 0 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [{ "expr": "veeam_api_up", "refId": "A" }],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"mappings": [
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{ "options": { "0": { "text": "DOWN", "color": "red" }, "1": { "text": "UP", "color": "green" } }, "type": "value" }
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],
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"thresholds": { "steps": [{ "color": "red", "value": null }, { "color": "green", "value": 1 }] }
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "备份任务总数",
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"type": "stat",
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"gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 3, "x": 3, "y": 0 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [{ "expr": "veeam_backup_jobs_total", "refId": "A" }],
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"fieldConfig": { "defaults": { "color": { "mode": "fixed", "fixedColor": "blue" } } }
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},
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{
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"title": "24h 成功",
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"type": "stat",
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"gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 3, "x": 6, "y": 0 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [{ "expr": "veeam_sessions_success_24h", "refId": "A" }],
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"fieldConfig": { "defaults": { "color": { "mode": "fixed", "fixedColor": "green" } } }
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},
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{
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"title": "24h 失败",
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"type": "stat",
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"gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 3, "x": 9, "y": 0 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [{ "expr": "veeam_sessions_failed_24h", "refId": "A" }],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"thresholds": { "steps": [{ "color": "green", "value": null }, { "color": "red", "value": 1 }] }
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "24h 警告",
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"type": "stat",
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"gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 3, "x": 12, "y": 0 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [{ "expr": "veeam_sessions_warning_24h", "refId": "A" }],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"thresholds": { "steps": [{ "color": "green", "value": null }, { "color": "orange", "value": 1 }] }
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "采集耗时",
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"type": "stat",
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"gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 3, "x": 15, "y": 0 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [{ "expr": "veeam_collector_duration_seconds", "refId": "A" }],
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"fieldConfig": { "defaults": { "unit": "s" } }
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},
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{
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"title": "备份任务状态总览",
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"type": "table",
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"gridPos": { "h": 10, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 4 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_status",
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"refId": "A",
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"format": "table",
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"instant": true
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},
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_duration_seconds",
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"refId": "B",
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"format": "table",
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"instant": true
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},
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_last_run_timestamp",
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"refId": "C",
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"format": "table",
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"instant": true
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},
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_processed_bytes",
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"refId": "D",
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"format": "table",
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"instant": true
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}
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],
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"transformations": [
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{
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"id": "seriesToColumns",
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"options": { "byField": "job_name" }
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},
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{
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"id": "organize",
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"options": {
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"excludeByName": { "Time 1": true, "Time 2": true, "Time 3": true, "Time 4": true, "__name__ 1": true, "__name__ 2": true, "__name__ 3": true, "__name__ 4": true, "instance 1": true, "instance 2": true, "instance 3": true, "instance 4": true, "job_id 1": true, "job_id 2": true, "job_id 3": true, "job_id 4": true, "type 2": true, "type 3": true, "type 4": true, "platform 2": true, "platform 3": true, "platform 4": true, "Value #2": false, "Value #3": false, "Value #4": false },
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"renameByName": {
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"job_name": "任务名称",
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"platform": "平台",
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"type": "类型",
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"Value #1": "状态",
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"Value #2": "耗时(秒)",
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"Value #3": "最后运行",
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"Value #4": "处理数据量"
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}
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}
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}
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],
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"options": {
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"sortBy": [{ "displayName": "状态", "desc": true }]
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},
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"fieldConfig": {
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"overrides": [
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{
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"matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "状态" },
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"properties": [
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{
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"id": "mappings",
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"value": [
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{ "options": { "0": { "text": "未知", "color": "gray" }, "1": { "text": "成功", "color": "green" }, "2": { "text": "警告", "color": "orange" }, "3": { "text": "失败", "color": "red" } }, "type": "value" }
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]
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "耗时(秒)" },
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"properties": [{ "id": "unit", "value": "s" }]
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},
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{
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"matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "最后运行" },
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"properties": [{ "id": "unit", "value": "dateTimeFromNow" }]
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},
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{
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"matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "处理数据量" },
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"properties": [{ "id": "unit", "value": "bytes" }]
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}
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]
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "任务状态历史",
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"type": "state-timeline",
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"gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 14 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_status",
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"legendFormat": "{{job_name}}",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"mappings": [
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{ "options": { "0": { "text": "未知", "color": "gray" }, "1": { "text": "成功", "color": "green" }, "2": { "text": "警告", "color": "orange" }, "3": { "text": "失败", "color": "red" } }, "type": "value" }
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],
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"color": { "mode": "thresholds" },
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"thresholds": { "steps": [{ "color": "gray", "value": null }, { "color": "green", "value": 1 }, { "color": "orange", "value": 2 }, { "color": "red", "value": 3 }] }
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}
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},
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"options": {
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"showValue": "always",
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"mergeValues": true,
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"alignValue": "center"
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "任务耗时趋势",
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"type": "timeseries",
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"gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 22 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_duration_seconds",
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"legendFormat": "{{job_name}}",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"unit": "s",
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"custom": { "lineWidth": 2, "fillOpacity": 10, "pointSize": 5, "showPoints": "auto" }
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "处理数据量",
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"type": "timeseries",
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"gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 22 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [
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{
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"expr": "veeam_job_processed_bytes",
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"legendFormat": "{{job_name}}",
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"refId": "A"
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}
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],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"unit": "bytes",
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"custom": { "lineWidth": 2, "fillOpacity": 10 }
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}
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}
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},
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{
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"title": "24h 会话统计趋势",
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"type": "timeseries",
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"gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 30 },
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"datasource": { "type": "prometheus", "uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}" },
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"targets": [
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{ "expr": "veeam_sessions_success_24h", "legendFormat": "成功", "refId": "A" },
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{ "expr": "veeam_sessions_failed_24h", "legendFormat": "失败", "refId": "B" },
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{ "expr": "veeam_sessions_warning_24h", "legendFormat": "警告", "refId": "C" }
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],
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"fieldConfig": {
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"defaults": {
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"custom": { "lineWidth": 2, "fillOpacity": 20 }
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},
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"overrides": [
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{ "matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "成功" }, "properties": [{ "id": "color", "value": { "fixedColor": "green", "mode": "fixed" } }] },
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{ "matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "失败" }, "properties": [{ "id": "color", "value": { "fixedColor": "red", "mode": "fixed" } }] },
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{ "matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "警告" }, "properties": [{ "id": "color", "value": { "fixedColor": "orange", "mode": "fixed" } }] }
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]
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}
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}
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],
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"refresh": "5m",
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"schemaVersion": 39,
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"templating": {
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"list": [
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{
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"name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
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"type": "datasource",
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"query": "prometheus"
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}
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]
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},
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"time": { "from": "now-24h", "to": "now" },
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"title": "Veeam Backup Monitor",
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"uid": "veeam-backup-monitor"
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}
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# veeam_alerts.yml
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groups:
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- name: veeam_backup
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rules:
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# API 不可达
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- alert: VeeamAPIUnreachable
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expr: veeam_api_up == 0
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for: 5m
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labels:
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severity: critical
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annotations:
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summary: "Veeam API 不可达"
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description: "无法连接 VBR REST API，请检查 VBR 服务状态"
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# 备份任务失败
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- alert: VeeamBackupFailed
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expr: veam_job_status == 3
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for: 0m
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labels:
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severity: critical
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annotations:
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summary: "备份任务失败: {{ $labels.job_name }}"
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description: "任务 {{ $labels.job_name }} ({{ $labels.platform }}) 最近一次执行失败"
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# 备份任务警告
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- alert: VeeamBackupWarning
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expr: veeam_job_status == 2
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for: 0m
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labels:
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severity: warning
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annotations:
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summary: "备份任务警告: {{ $labels.job_name }}"
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# 备份任务超过24小时未运行
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- alert: VeeamBackupStale
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expr: (time() - veeam_job_last_run_timestamp) > 86400
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for: 30m
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labels:
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severity: warning
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annotations:
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summary: "备份任务超过24小时未运行: {{ $labels.job_name }}"
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description: "任务 {{ $labels.job_name }} 最后运行于 {{ $value | humanizeDuration }} 前"
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# 24小时内有失败
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- alert: VeeamFailedSessionsExist
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expr: veeam_sessions_failed_24h > 0
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for: 0m
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labels:
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severity: warning
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annotations:
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summary: "过去24小时有 {{ $value }} 个备份任务失败"
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# 1. 安装 exporter
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mkdir -p /opt/veeam_exporter
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cp veeam_exporter.py /opt/veeam_exporter/
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# 2. 测试运行
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python3 /opt/veeam_exporter/veeam_exporter.py \
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--port 9199 \
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--vbr 10.115.13.219 \
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--user veeamuser01 \
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--password 'Qazx1234!@#$qwer2'
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# 3. 验证指标
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curl http://localhost:9199/metrics
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# 4. 配置 systemd
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cp veeam-exporter.service /etc/systemd/system/
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systemctl daemon-reload
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systemctl enable --now veeam-exporter
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# 5. Prometheus 添加 target
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# 6. Grafana 导入 dashboard JSON
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# 7. 配置告警规则 |